[kde-china] Re: 用 libeva 做 qq

[Sami Zhan]

在 星期三 29 6月 2011 13:14:04，nihui 写道：
> 有没有可能使用 libeva 做 qq 呢？
> 我说的是 tencent qq，libeva 重写过的，还没定协议，不想再重写一个。
> 有没有一种协议，
> 允许看源代码允许编译打包允许被下载
> 不允许修改不允许基于开发不允许链接呢？
> 就是开源但非自由。
> 
> 
> nihui
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OSI对open source software定义如下:
Introduction
Open source doesn't just mean access to the source code.
The distribution terms of open-source software must comply with the following 
criteria:
1. Free Redistribution 
The license shall not restrict any party from selling or giving away the 
software as a component of an aggregate software distribution containing 
programs from several different sources. The license shall not require a 
royalty or other fee for such sale.
2. Source Code 
The program must include source code, and must allow distribution in source 
code as well as compiled form. Where some form of a product is not distributed 
with source code, there must be a well-publicized means of obtaining the 
source code for no more than a reasonable reproduction cost preferably, 
downloading via the Internet without charge. The source code must be the 
preferred form in which a programmer would modify the program. Deliberately 
obfuscated source code is not allowed. Intermediate forms such as the output 
of a preprocessor or translator are not allowed.
3. Derived Works 
The license must allow modifications and derived works, and must allow them to 
be distributed under the same terms as the license of the original software.
4. Integrity of The Author's Source Code 
The license may restrict source-code from being distributed in modified form 
only if the license allows the distribution of "patch files" with the source 
code for the purpose of modifying the program at build time. The license must 
explicitly permit distribution of software built from modified source code. 
The license may require derived works to carry a different name or version 
number from the original software.
5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups 
The license must not discriminate against any person or group of persons.
6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor 
The license must not restrict anyone from making use of the program in a 
specific field of endeavor. For example, it may not restrict the program from 
being used in a business, or from being used for genetic research.
7. Distribution of License 
The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the program is 
redistributed without the need for execution of an additional license by those 
parties.
8. License Must Not Be Specific to a Product 
The rights attached to the program must not depend on the program's being part 
of a particular software distribution. If the program is extracted from that 
distribution and used or distributed within the terms of the program's 
license, all parties to whom the program is redistributed should have the same 
rights as those that are granted in conjunction with the original software 
distribution.
9. License Must Not Restrict Other Software 
The license must not place restrictions on other software that is distributed 
along with the licensed software. For example, the license must not insist 
that all other programs distributed on the same medium must be open-source 
software.
10. License Must Be Technology-Neutral 
No provision of the license may be predicated on any individual technology or 
style of interface.
分别是自由散布;散布时附带源代码或者可方面无成本地获得源代码(如在英特网上免费下载);允许在一定条款下派生创作;源代码完整性(如果修订了,需要以不同的版本号
单独发布,以保证原版本的源代码仍然是完整的);平等对待(协议对待不同性别,种族,国家,比如不可以对男性用户开源对女性用户闭源,不可以在美国开源在中国闭源);
对各个领域应用不得限制(比如不得禁止用于商业活动);条款限定(散布或散布派生产品必须以开源条款);不得具备特定产品(比如一个软件集合是开源条款,其中某一部分
单独散布的时候就不能用闭源);不得限定其他软件(比如当一个开源软件和一个闭源软件存在于同一张光盘中,开源软件不得限定其他在同一光盘的软件也开源);技术中立
(条款不得依技术有效或者无效,比如不得规定电子格式条款有效,纸质条款无效)
原文位于:http://opensource.org/docs/osd
也就是说:只要是开源软件,就不可以限定修改,派生.所以说Discuz不过是打着开源旗号的闭源软件而已,根本不是开源的.

而自由软件和开源则有所不同,自由软件在哲学上强调free而不是open,强调用户的以下几项不需特别申请许可就可以享受到的自由活动:
The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0).
The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do what 
you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this. 
The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom 2). 
The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 
3). By doing this you can give the whole community a chance to benefit from 
your changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
原文地址是:http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html
所以自由软件是理想哲学化的,强调的核心价值是自由,而不是通过开放来提升代码质量.
自由软件并不反感人们在再次分发时索取费用,因为自由软件基金会认为自由软件是freedom而不是price的free.

总之,不会有任何开源的协议会限制修改派生再分部,所以我觉得解决这样的问题就必须自己写协议